衡量低收入和中等收入国家早期儿童发展:系统性审查
Bernardita Munoz-Chereau, Lynn Ang, Julie Dockrell1
1UCL Institute of Education, UK.
Journal of early childhood research : ECR
|June 13, 2025
概括
在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 中,早期儿童发展 (ECD) 的有效措施很少. 这次系统性审查确定并评估了评估LMIC中ECD和学习环境的工具,提供了12个关键选择考虑因素.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育政策 教育政策
背景情况:
- 可持续发展目标的目标是到2030年实现普及获得优质的早期儿童发展 (ECD) 机会.
- 低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 严重缺乏经过验证的ECD评估工具.
- 这种差距阻碍了在资源有限的环境中对幼儿的有效监测和干预.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和确定可靠,有效和文化适应的措施,以评估LMIC中0-5岁儿童的ECD.
- 根据心理测量属性和在LMIC环境中的适用性,评估现有的评估工具.
- 为LMICs提供关于选择合适的ECD测量工具的指导.
主要方法:
- 进行了对2009年1月至2019年5月期间发表的同行评审文献的系统审查.
- 搜索了教育,心理学和卫生领域的数据库,以确定相关的评估工具.
- 如果工具测量了LMICs的认知/语言发展,早期或家庭环境,并报告了心理测量属性或文化适应,则将工具纳入.
主要成果:
- 该审查确定了249个记录和9个系统文献评论,以质量合成了57个记录.
- 针对12个标准,审查了43个ECD评估工具,重点是心理测量属性 (有效性,可靠性) 和文化适应性.
- 分析的关键特征包括目标年龄,施用方法,评估领域和语言/国家适用性.
结论:
- 该研究提出了在LMIC中选择合适的ECD测量工具的12个基本考虑因素.
- 这些考虑旨在加强在各种资源有限的环境中对早期儿童发展的有效评估.
- 这些发现支持弥合测量差距和实现全球ECD目标的努力.
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