听力损失作为痴呆症的危险因素:从全球角度进行系统审查和元分析
Megan Rose Readman1,2,3,4, Jenna Littlejohn3,5, Imogen Dodd1
1Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Aging & mental health
|June 13, 2025
概括
在全球范围内,听力损失增加了痴呆症风险. 虽然这种关联在各大洲都是一致的,但确切的危险比率 (HRs) 显示了微小的变化,这表明听力受损和认知衰退之间存在普遍联系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 听力损失是痴呆症的一个公认的风险因素,报告的危险比率 (HRs) 从1.28到2.39不等.
- 之前的研究没有探讨听力损失和痴呆风险之间的关系的潜在洲际差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查听力损失和痴呆风险之间的关联的全球一致性.
- 检查不同大陆的这种关联是否存在变化.
主要方法:
- 进行了对队列研究的系统审查和元分析,搜索了包括MEDLINE,PsychInfo和Web of Science在内的数据库.
- 研究包括没有痴呆症的个体,具有基线听力评估和至少2年的随访事件痴呆症结果.
- 采用随机效应和多级模型,并对子组进行分析,以测试各大洲和听力损失严重程度的差异.
主要成果:
- 分析了来自北美,欧洲,亚洲和大洋洲的49项研究. 双重听力损失与32%的痴呆风险增加有关 (HR = 1.32;95% CI: 1.23-1.41).
- 大洋洲的危险比率最高,亚洲的危险比率最低 (p < 0.001). 然而,除了大洋洲之外,没有发现大陆之间的显著差异.
- 由于不准确的估计,轻度,中度或重度听力损失与痴呆风险的确切关联仍然存在不确定性,这些关联中大陆差异的证据有限 (p = 0.059).
结论:
- 听力损失和痴呆风险之间的关联在各大洲都是一致的.
- 虽然全球可能存在危险比率的微小差异,但听力障碍和痴呆风险增加之间的整体联系是强有力的.
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