在衰老和阿尔茨海默病中白质异常和认知
Christopher Peter1, Aditi Sathe1, Niranjana Shashikumar1
1Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
JAMA neurology
|June 13, 2025
概括
白物质自由水 (FW) 变化显著影响认知功能和衰老和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的衰退. 这些微观结构的改变,特别是在边缘系统,对于理解神经退行至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 神经学 神经学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 缺乏大规模研究来量化白质微观结构与认知表现以及衰老和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的衰退的关联.
- 调查这些关联对于理解认知衰老和AD病变发生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查特定于肠道的白质微观结构与认知表现以及衰老和AD相关认知障碍的衰退之间的联系.
- 探索白物质自由水 (FW) 测量如何与其他生物标志物相互作用以预测认知结果.
主要方法:
- 对9项多站点队列研究的二次数据分析,涉及4467名50岁及以上的参与者.
- 利用扩散权重磁共振成像 (dMRI) 数据,认知复合z分数和临床数据.
- 检查了白质微观结构 (特别是FW) 和认知表现/下降之间的关联,包括与临床诊断,灰质缩,APOE ε4状态和粉样蛋白阳性的相互作用模型.
主要成果:
- 没有白质的水 (FW) 与横截面认知表现和纵向认知下降的关联最强,特别是在记忆中.
- 边缘 trakt (cingulum, fornix) 的FW与记忆性能和下降密切相关.
- FW测量与其他生物标志物 (例如,海马体积,SPARE-AD指数,基线诊断) 之间的相互作用预测了较差的认知表现和加速下降.
结论:
- 白质微结构变化,特别是FW,对于与衰老和AD相关的认知衰退至关重要.
- 边缘系统,包括环和,在认知衰退中发挥着关键作用.
- 将FW纠正的dMRI指标与其他AD生物标志物的整合可以提高对神经退行机制的理解.
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