精确的正义:数据和正义的想象
1Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Social studies of science
|June 14, 2025
概括
该研究批评"精准正义",数据和算法决定社会角色,认为这限制了人类的潜力. 它呼吁对正义和数据采取平衡的方法,以建立更好的社会.
科学领域:
- 科学与技术研究 研究科学与技术研究
- 司法社会学正义的社会学
- 数字人文学科 数字人文学科
背景情况:
- 阿尔杜斯·哈克斯利的"勇敢的新世界"描绘了技术上受制于稳定的社会.
- 现代项目使用数据和算法进行决策,旨在实现"精确的正义".
- "精准正义"的概念起源于20世纪70年代美国的"信息社会".
研究的目的:
- 识别和分析"精准正义"的社会技术想象.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间检查英国算法分级的承诺和质疑.
- 探索"精准正义"对人类和社会分配模型的影响.
主要方法:
- 对"精准正义"的社会技术想象的分析.
- 在COVID-19期间,英国计算考试成绩的算法模型的案例研究.
- 检查分配正义概念与数据实践 (识别,风险评估) 的结合.
主要成果:
- "精准正义"的特点是干预行动,最佳分配和系统管理.
- 这种方法将个人与指标和特定的社会角色联系在一起,而不是实质性的正义.
- 对考试成绩的算法模型的使用说明了"精准正义"的局限性和质疑.
结论:
- 目前的"精准正义"模式复制了对人力潜力和社会分配的有限观点.
- 超越"精准正义"需要对正义和数据进行对称的考虑,因为它们是交织在一起的认识论和规范性关注.
- 未来的努力应该集中在建立与更广泛,更实质性的正义概念相一致的社会上.
相关概念视频
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.1K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.1K
Statgraphics
119
Statgraphics is a comprehensive statistical software suite designed for both basic and advanced data analysis. Originating in 1980 at Princeton University under Dr. Neil W. Polhemus, it was one of the pioneering tools for statistical computing on personal computers, with its public release in 1982 marking an early milestone in data science software. Over the years, it has evolved into a robust platform for data science, offering tools for regression analysis, ANOVA, multivariate statistics,...
119
Ethical Standards I
785
The American Nurses Association (ANA) created and implemented the first nationally accepted Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements. The Code of Ethics is a living document regularly updated by the ANA and establishes an ethical standard that is non-negotiable for nurses in all roles and settings.
The Code of Ethics provisions outline the nurse's duty to the patient, the healthcare team, the profession, and society. The Code's fundamental principles include advocacy,...
The Code of Ethics provisions outline the nurse's duty to the patient, the healthcare team, the profession, and society. The Code's fundamental principles include advocacy,...
785
Ethics and Bioethics
1.3K
Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
1.3K
Fundamental Attribution Error
12.8K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.8K
Censoring Survival Data
72
Survival analysis is a statistical method used to analyze time-to-event data, often employed in fields such as medicine, engineering, and social sciences. One of the key challenges in survival analysis is dealing with incomplete data, a phenomenon known as "censoring." Censoring occurs when the event of interest (such as death, relapse, or system failure) has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period or is otherwise unobservable, and it might have many different...
72


