监狱女性的健康状况:系统审查
Katherine E McLeod1, Kevin A Wong2, Sumner Rajaratnam3
1Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
The Lancet. Public health
|June 14, 2025
概括
监狱中的女性面临着重大的健康挑战,最常见的是传染病和心理健康状况. 存在证据差距,特别是在非传染性疾病方面,强调需要更好的数据和减少被监禁妇女的健康不平等.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,女性监禁率正在上升.
- 监禁妇女的健康需求往往被忽视.
- 关于全世界被关押妇女的健康状况的综合数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和总结有关全球监狱妇女健康状况的现有证据.
- 为了确定普遍的健康状况和数据中的地理差异.
- 突出有关监禁妇女健康的研究和数据收集方面的差距.
主要方法:
- 对同行评审和灰色文献进行系统审查.
- 搜索了2003年至2025年间发表的定量研究的数据库.
- 包括报告全球监狱女性健康状况流行率的研究,使用全球疾病负担研究或ICD-11标准进行评估.
- 使用JBI临界评估检查清单对报告流行数据的研究进行偏差风险评估.
主要成果:
- 分析了247项涉及超过452,261名女性的研究.
- 传染病和心理健康状况是最常见的报告.
- 在几乎所有研究中都注意到存在偏差的高风险.
- 在研究和地区之间观察到疾病患病率的显著差异.
- 识别了文献上的差距,特别是关于非传染性疾病和地理数据的表现.
结论:
- 被拘留的妇女经历了健康状况的高负担.
- 在证据和数据收集方面存在重大缺陷,需要改进.
- 研究中的局限性,例如排除复杂的需求和依赖自我报告,可能低估了真正的健康负担.
- 监狱,卫生和研究部门需要采取紧急行动,以解决被监禁妇女所面临的健康不平等问题.
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