思想流浪的"任务"将多重需求和默认模式区域分成两部分,并提升关闭的区域
İrem Giray1, Ausaf A Farooqui2
1Department of Neuroscience, Bilkent University; Aysel Sabuncu Brain Research Center, Bilkent University; National Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Bilkent University.
Neuropsychologia
|June 14, 2025
概括
蓄意集中注意力会激活多重需求 (MD) 的大脑区域,即使没有特定的任务需求. 这表明认知控制不仅取决于任务的难度,还取决于有意的精神努力.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 大脑功能 大脑功能
背景情况:
- 多重需求 (MD) 的大脑区域被需要认知控制的任务激活,例如注意力和工作记忆.
- 苛刻的任务往往涉及深思熟虑的认知,其中的心理过程不是自动的.
- 审议性认知和MD区域激活之间的关系,独立于任务需求,尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否有意识的认知激活MD区域,无论任务相关的需求.
- 探索有意的心灵流浪的神经相关性.
- 为了检查故意认知状态期间的默认模式网络 (DMN) 内的解离.
主要方法:
- 参与者被指示在特定的任务期间故意和强烈地游荡他们的思想.
- 使用神经成像技术测量大脑活动.
- 任务时间与休息时间进行对比,以隔离认知过程.
主要成果:
- 一个MD区域的子集,包括前补充运动区 (preSMA),前部岛屿和后部中额头,在故意的思维游荡期间显示出激活.
- 其他区域,如内突和右前额前皮层,表现出失活.
- 默认模式网络 (DMN) 的特定部分表现出分离的激活模式,其中一些区域被禁用,另一些区域被激活.
- 在任务持续时间内,关闭区域的活动增加了,不管任务的需求如何.
结论:
- 蓄意的认知,以有意的精神努力为特征,可以独立地激活MD区域.
- 这些发现表明,认知控制不仅仅是对外部任务需求的反应,而且可以由内部的意图驱动.
- 在MD区域和DMN中观察到的模式突出显示了集中注意力,思维漫游和认知控制之间的复杂相互作用.
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