基于先天的健身能力,对早期的运动训练进行共享和独特的适应
Daniel G Sadler1,2,3, Lillie Treas1, Mary Barre1
1Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA.
The Journal of physiology
|June 15, 2025
概括
早期的运动可以改善具有低天生的心肺呼吸能力的个体的代谢健康. 然而,身体对运动的分子适应取决于遗传因素,这表明需要个性化的运动方法.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 代谢性疾病是一种代谢性疾病.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 低心肺呼吸能力是一个与心脏代谢疾病风险增加相关的遗传性特征.
- 耐力运动训练可以改善身体健康和代谢健康,但适应能力在个体之间有很大差异.
- 天生的 (遗传) 适应水平对运动诱导的适应的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期的运动训练是否可以抵消低先天性心肺呼吸能力的代谢影响.
- 为了确定是否对健身的遗传倾向会影响身体对运动的分子反应.
- 探索基于个体遗传特征的个性化运动医学的潜力.
主要方法:
- 为低 (LCR) 和高 (HCR) 跑步能力选择性繁殖的老鼠在6周内接受了静坐条件或自愿轮子运行 (VWR).
- 进行全身代谢表型化,包括孤立的骨肌肉和肝脏线粒体的呼吸功能.
- 用RNA测序和质谱学进行了骨肌肉和肝脏组织的转录和蛋白质分析.
主要成果:
- 自主轮子运行 (VWR) 改善了低容量跑者 (LCR) 的身体组成和葡萄糖耐受性,增加了总能耗.
- 虽然骨肌的线粒体功能保持不变,但估计的氧化能力在VWR的LCR和HCR组中增加.
- 肝脏线粒体适应VWR (最大氧化能力和ATP相关呼吸) 仅在高容量跑步者 (HCR) 中观察到.
- 分子分析揭示了骨肌肉和肝脏的共同和独特组织重塑,以应对VWR,受先天性健康的影响.
结论:
- 早期的运动部分地减轻了低先天健康的代谢后果.
- 对运动的分子适应受到个体对健身的遗传倾向的显著影响.
- 这些发现强调了在制定个性化运动医学策略时考虑遗传因素的重要性.
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