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老年人学习外语会改变中部前额叶皮层中静止状态活动的模式

Giovanna Bubbico¹, Federica Tomaiuolo², Carlo Sestieri¹

¹Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies (ITAB), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Journal of the neurological sciences

|June 15, 2025

概括

外国语言学习 (FLL) 提高了老年人的大脑活动,特别是在中部前额叶皮层. 这种神经变化与改善长期记忆有关,可能抵消认知能力下降.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知科学认知科学
衰老研究研究衰老研究

背景情况:

众所周知,外语学习 (FLL) 可以提高老年人的认知功能,包括记忆和注意力.
与FLL的认知益处相关的精确的神经机制和大脑活动变化仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
当前的大脑活动分析方法可以是操作者依赖的,需要数据驱动的方法.

研究的目的:

为了研究老年人FLL诱导的静止状态大脑活动的纵向变化.
通过运营商独立的方法识别受FLL影响的特定神经区域.
探索FLL相关的大脑变化与认知表现之间的关系.

主要方法:

分析了27名老年人的休息状态功能磁共振成像 (rs-fMRI) 数据 (14名FLL,13名对照).
一种基于voxel的,独立于操作者的方法,低频波动的分数幅度 (fALFF),被用来评估新皮层活动.
线性回归分析检查了fALFF变化和行为指标之间的相关性.

主要成果:

在中部前额皮质 (mPFC) 中,FLL显著改变了静止状态活动,在背中和轨道前额区域增加了活动.
这些与FLL相关的mPFC变化与默认模式网络 (DMN) 重叠.
在mPFC和语义口头长期记忆表现中,FLL诱导的fALFF变化与语义口头长期记忆表现之间观察到正相关性.

结论:

外国语言学习通过增强中间前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 活动来改变皮层神经组织.
这种mPFC活动的增加可能是对与年龄相关的认知衰退的补偿机制.
FLL显示出作为一种干预措施的潜力,以支持老年人群的认知健康.

关键词:

衰老的衰老衰老的衰老外国语言学习学习外国语言学习中部前额叶皮层中部前额叶皮层.康复康复康复康复功能磁力共振成像 (fMRI) 是一种

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