胰岛素抵抗在癌症风险和预后中的影响
Emmanuel Jacobo-Tovar1, Andrea Medel-Sánchez1, Cosette Durán-Castillo1
1Metabolic Research Laboratory, University of Guanajuato, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Mexico.
Seminars in cancer biology
|June 15, 2025
概括
与肥胖相关的胰岛素抵抗 (IR) 助长慢性炎症,并激活瘤性途径,增加癌症风险. 针对IR的疗法,如甲胺,在癌症预防和改善结果方面表现有前途.
科学领域:
- 代谢功能障碍和瘤学
- 炎症和癌症生物学
背景情况:
- 肥胖相关的胰岛素抵抗 (IR) 涉及慢性炎症,脂肪细胞功能障碍和自由脂肪酸的升高.
- 这些因素激活信号通路 (JNK,TLR,NF-κB),损害胰岛素受体功能,促进胰岛素高血压.
- 胰岛素高血压会增加胰岛素类生长因子 (IGF) 的生物可用性,刺激瘤性途径 (PI3K-AKT-mTOR,RAS-MAPK).
研究的目的:
- 审查胰岛素抵抗与癌症风险之间的联系.
- 探索将代谢功能障碍与瘤发生联系在一起的机制.
- 讨论针对胰岛素耐药性的治疗策略,以预防和治疗癌症.
主要方法:
- 流行病学研究和机械学研究的文献综述.
- 分析涉及IR和癌症的信号通路.
- 对IR的治疗干预措施及其潜在的抗癌作用的评估.
主要成果:
- 流行病学数据将IR与各种癌症亚型的风险增加联系起来.
- 甲胺和GLP-1受体激动剂显示出降低癌症风险和改善预后的潜力.
- 甲胺通过AMPK依赖/独立途径显示抗癌作用,包括mTOR抑制.
结论:
- 代谢功能障碍,特别是IR,在癌症发展中起着重要作用.
- 通过改变生活方式或药理学药物向IR可能为癌症预防和治疗提供一种新的方法.
- 需要进一步进行干预试验,以证实IR向治疗在降低癌症风险方面的有效性.
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