在肝移植后的三年里,营养摄入量和饮食质量
Amal Trigui1, Crystèle Hogue2, Mélanie Tremblay2
1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
Clinical nutrition ESPEN
|June 15, 2025
概括
肝移植接受者面临营养不良的风险,在移植后的三年内观察到持续的营养缺口. 量身定制的饮食指南对于优化这一群体的营养和健康结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 移植医学 移植医学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 肝移植 (LT) 接受者容易患营养不良,肉症和心血管疾病.
- 对于LT后的个人来说,缺乏确定的长期饮食指南.
研究的目的:
- 在移植后的一年,两年和三年评估LT接受者的营养摄入量和饮食质量.
- 为了确定潜在的营养缺陷和饮食改善的领域在长期后LT.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及LT受体在移植后1,2,3年进行的横截面研究.
- 通过基于网络的24小时饮食回忆 (R24W) 评估的饮食摄入量.
- 使用地中海 (MED) 评分和健康饮食食品指数 (HEFI) -2019评估饮食质量,与可接受的宏观营养素分布范围 (AMDR) 进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在三个LT后队列中,没有观察到能量,蛋白质,碳水化合物或脂肪摄入量的显著差异.
- 总脂肪摄入量在AMDR的上限;纤维和维生素A,D,E低于建议;摄入量超过建议.
- 与男性相比,女性对碳水化合物AMDR的坚持程度较低,建议的铁和摄入量也较低.
- 遵守地中海饮食和加拿大食品指南的比例相对较低.
结论:
- 营养摄入量和饮食质量在LT后的三年内保持稳定但不理想,持续存在微量营养素缺乏.
- 宏观营养素摄入量可能需要优化,以满足LT接受者的特定需求.
- 为肝移植接受者制定量身定制的长期饮食指导方针对于术后初始阶段以外的肝移植患者至关重要.
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