双重消毒剂协同驱动适应和进化,以提高大肠杆菌的抗菌耐药性和致病性
Xi Li1, Zhigang Yu2, Jiaqing Ye1
1State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Environmental science & technology
|June 16, 2025
概括
像PHMG和BAC这样的消毒剂,当结合起来时,可显著增加大肠杆菌的抗微生物耐药性 (AMR) 和细菌致病性. 这种双重暴露推动了通过基因表达变化的进化,而不仅仅是突变.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 人类活动将多种消毒剂释放到环境中,导致共同暴露.
- 众所周知,个别消毒剂可促进抗菌素耐药性 (AMR).
- 联合消毒剂暴露对AMR和细菌致病性的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查聚乙烯瓜尼丁 (PHMG),化 (BAC) 和它们的组合对抗菌耐药性和大肠杆菌的病原性的影响.
- 了解驱动消毒剂诱导的细菌进化的机制.
- 评估联合消毒剂对细菌特征的协同或添加效应.
主要方法:
- 使用野生型大肠杆菌进行了为期30天的逐步暴露实验.
- 暴露于单个PHMG,单个BAC,以及PHMG和BAC的组合.
- 分析AMR水平,致病性,基因表达和遗传突变.
- 使用毒理学预测模型.
主要成果:
- 与单个消毒剂相比,联合PHMG和BAC暴露导致AMR (2.0至14.8倍) 和致病性 (8.7倍) 显著增加.
- 在双重消毒剂压力下的细菌进化主要是由与生物膜形成和运动性相关的基因的改变表达驱动的.
- 在单一和双重消毒剂治疗之间,遗传突变没有显著差异.
- 进化菌株的转录调节变化对AMR和致病性产生了协同作用或添加作用.
结论:
- 双重消毒剂协同增强抗微生物耐药性和细菌致病性.
- 转录调节在消毒剂的联合作用中起着关键作用.
- 多种化学污染物的共存,由于增强的抗药性和病原性,造成了重大环境风险.
相关概念视频
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
242
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
242
Transduction
153
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
153
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism
4.9K
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Such synergistic combinations...
4.9K
Antibiotic Selection
55.4K
Overview
55.4K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.5K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.5K
Antimicrobial Effectiveness
175
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
175


