新生儿重症监护室的不良事件由触发因素确定
Fabiana Bragança Albanese1, Deise de Souza Ventura1,2, Maurício Wesley Perroud1,2
1School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
Frontiers in pharmacology
|June 16, 2025
概括
一种基于触发的方法有效地识别了新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的不良事件 (AE),与医疗相关的感染和抗菌素使用是频繁的触发因素. 这种方法提高了易受伤害的新生儿的患者安全.
科学领域:
- 新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的研究.
- 患者安全和质量改善.
- 药监和不良事件检测的检测.
背景情况:
- 不良事件 (AE) 对新生儿在新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的新生儿构成重大风险.
- 识别AE对于改善这种脆弱人群的患者安全和临床结果至关重要.
- 基于触发的方法为AE检测提供了一种系统的方法.
研究的目的:
- 在新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 入院的新生儿中识别不良事件 (AEs).
- 在AE检测和分析中使用基于触发的方法.
- 评估触发因子在识别AEs和不良药物反应 (ADRs) 的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在2021年6个月的时间里,在巴西的NICU进行了一项回顾性观察性研究.
- 分析了120个新生儿的电子医疗记录,这些新生儿住院时间≥48小时,并接受药物治疗.
- 用17个触发因素来识别副作用和不良反应,并使用既定的尺度和标准来评估严重程度和因果关系.
主要成果:
- 总共有249个触发因素确定了168个已确认的副作用 (67.5%的积极预测值).
- 50.0%的新生儿经历了至少一个AE,而40.8%的新生儿有ADR. 与医疗保健相关的感染和抗菌药物的使用是最常见的触发因素.
- 严重的AE如死角性肠球炎和意外输出被确定,早产和极低出生体重是显著的危险因素.
结论:
- 触发工具在识别严重的副作用和提高新生病重症监护室患者安全方面是有效的.
- 过早生育,低出生体重和长时间住院是AEs的关键风险因素.
- 基于已识别的风险实施预防策略可以优化新生儿护理并减轻伤害.
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