为了实现农田的气候和生产目标,管理农田
Shelby C McClelland1,2, Deborah Bossio3, Doria R Gordon4,5
1Soil and Crop Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA.
概括
在耕地上的自然气候解决方案 (NCS) 很少同时提供减缓气候和作物生产的好处. 虽然一些做法显示短期收益,但长期影响往往涉及权衡,这表明食品系统脱碳的作用有限.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 耕地自然气候解决方案 (NCS) 能够同时缓解气候变化和提高作物生产的潜力被广泛认为是可行的,但没有得到严格的评估.
- 了解这些双重影响对于可持续农业和有效的气候行动至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 模拟与各种作物土地NCS战略相关的温室气体 (GHG) 排放和作物产量.
- 评估在不同情景和农业环境中实现"双赢"结果 (气候效益和产量增加) 的可能性.
主要方法:
- 利用建模来预测温室气体排放量和农作物产量从农作物土地NCS到本世纪末.
- 分析了特定的NCS实践,包括没有耕作农业的草和豆类覆盖作物.
- 研究了土壤特性 (,粘土含量) 对NCS结果的影响.
主要成果:
- 农田NCS的有利"双赢"结果被发现是例外而不是常态.
- 没有耕种的草地作物到2050年显著减轻了温室气体,但降低了作物产量.
- 无耕作的豆类覆盖作物在2050年之前显示出好处,但可能在2100年之前增加区域温室气体排放.
- 低土壤和高粘土含量的耕地更有可能产生有利的结果.
- 避免作物损失带来了适度的温室气体减排,这表明作物土地土壤在整体粮食系统脱碳中的潜力有限.
结论:
- 农田NCS在减缓气候变化和作物生产之间存在权衡,挑战了普遍利益的假设.
- 根据具体的实践,地区和土壤特征,NCS的有效性有很大差异.
- 耕地土壤可能只对粮食系统的脱碳贡献一小部分.
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