通过可扩展和可解释的合奏模型,在整个发展阶段对自闭症的早期诊断
Nasirul Mumenin1, Maisha Mumtaz Rahman2, Mohammad Abu Yousuf3
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|June 16, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一种可解释的机器学习框架,用于使用问卷数据诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD). 该模型在各个年龄组实现了高精度,为早期ASD查提供了可靠的工具.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 呈现出各种表现,使早期诊断和干预复杂化.
- 及时发现ASD对于改善发育结果至关重要.
- 目前的诊断方法可能受到主观性和发育阶段变异性的限制.
研究的目的:
- 引入一个可靠和可解释的机器学习框架,用于使用问卷数据诊断ASD.
- 评估该框架在不同发育阶段和不同人群的诊断准确性.
- 为ASD查提供可扩展和可靠的解决方案.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个堆叠的集合模型,将随机森林,额外树和CatBoost分类器与人工神经网络元分类器结合起来.
- 采用了包括安全级别SMOTE用于类不平衡,主要组件分析 (PCA) 用于缩小维度和相互信息/皮尔森相关性用于特征选择的技术.
- 沙普利添加式扩展 (SHAP) 和蒙特卡洛脱落 (MCD) 用于模型解释性和不确定性量化.
主要成果:
- 该框架实现了高诊断准确度,包括婴儿的99.86%,儿童的99.68%,青少年的98.17%,成人的99.89%.
- 合并数据集 (儿童,青少年,成年人) 的表现为96.96%.
- 拟议的框架在比较分析中表现优于标准机器学习模型.
结论:
- 开发的机器学习框架为ASD诊断提供了一个高度准确和可解释的方法.
- 该模型在各种年龄组和发育阶段都显示出有效性.
- 这种方法为早期ASD查和干预计划提供了一个有希望,可扩展和可靠的工具.
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