用于地下采矿的先进柴油动力总成 移动设备
Aleksandar D Bugarski1, Dylan A Ritter1
1Pittsburgh Mining Research Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
概括
用清洁的柴油发动机为地下采矿设备提供动力,大大减少了柴油污染物的暴露. 柴油颗粒过器 (DPF) 在柴油气溶的质量和数量度方面提供了最佳的降低.
科学领域:
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 机械工程 机械工程
背景情况:
- 地下矿工面临着严重的有害柴油污染物的暴露.
- 与旧型号相比,当代柴油发动机的排放量较低.
- 满足严格的排放标准对于地下采矿安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估用于地下采矿的清洁柴油发动机的可行性和有效性.
- 评估不同的废气后处理系统,以减少柴油排放.
- 确定最佳的发动机技术,以尽量减少矿工暴露于柴油污染物.
主要方法:
- 从三个美国环保署第四级最终符合标准的柴油发动机的尾气排放的实验室表征.
- 排气后处理系统的评估,包括柴油氧化催化转换器 (DOC),柴油颗粒过器 (DPF) 和选择性催化减排 (SCR) 系统.
- 关于柴油气溶和二次NO2排放的质量和数量度的发动机性能分析.
主要成果:
- 柴油颗粒过器 (DPF) 在柴油气溶的质量和数量度方面表现出最大的降低.
- 配备DOC和DOC/SCR/ASC系统的发动机减少了气溶质量,但没有减少气溶的数量度.
- 两个发动机 (DOC-only和DOC/DPF) 产生了大量的二次NO2排放,限制了它们的地下采矿适用性.
- 所有评估的先进发动机均表现出低一氧化碳 (CO) 输出.
结论:
- 柴油颗粒过器 (DPF) 是减少地下矿山中柴油气溶暴露的最有效技术.
- 发动机后处理系统必须设计以最大限度地减少地下应用的二次NO2产生.
- 具有选择性催化减排 (SCR) 系统的发动机提供了低NO2的替代方案.
- 对于地下采矿,需要对先进的柴油发动机进行仔细的选择和潜在的优化.
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