移民特异性政策和计划对孕产妇,孕产妇和儿科结果的影响:一个范围审查
1Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
BMJ public health
|June 16, 2025
概括
移民政策显著影响移民母亲和儿童的健康. 支持性政策可以改善产前护理和儿童的结果,而限制性政策会对弱势妇女获得医疗保健产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 移民政策和计划在塑造移民人口的健康和发展方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 了解这些影响对于制定有效的公共卫生战略和针对移民家庭的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合现有的关于移民政策和计划对移民母亲及其子女的范围和健康影响的文献.
- 确定共同的政策领域,研究方法和现场成果措施.
主要方法:
- 在六个数据库 (Scopus,Embase,Medline,Global Health,CINAHL,公共卫生数据库) 进行系统的文献搜索,从创立到2022年10月.
- 65项符合条件的研究的叙述综合,分析受影响的服务,访问限制/支持以及母亲/儿童结果的政策.
- 专注于2000年以后发表的研究,结果评估期从1980年至2019年,主要在美国.
主要成果:
- 大多数研究 (83.1%) 集中在美国,评估与医疗保险,公共福利,入籍和融合相关的政策.
- 儿科结局 (61.5%) 的研究频率高于母亲/产前结局 (44.6%).
- 限制性政策对一些移民妇女的产前护理和医疗保健利用产生了负面影响,而支持性政策改善了产前护理,儿童健康保险和教育成果.
结论:
- 关于移民政策对母亲和儿童健康的影响的研究是有限的,主要集中在美国.
- 需要进行进一步的全球研究,涵盖更广泛的产后护理,儿童疫苗接种和心理健康等结果.
- 未来的研究应该扩大地理范围和结果指标,以提供对政策影响的全面了解.
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