在喀拉拉邦的一项社区查计划中,2型糖尿病并发症的患病率和决定因素
Aswathy Sreedevi1,2, Gopal S Pillai3, Syama Sathish4
1Department of Community Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.
外围神经病变,视网膜病变和外围动脉疾病在喀拉拉邦的2型糖尿病患者中非常普遍. 关键的危险因素包括年龄较大,糖尿病持续时间较长和血糖控制不佳,这强调了定期查的必要性.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和代谢性疾病
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 血管医学 血管医学
背景情况:
- 2型糖尿病是一种与显著的微血管和宏血管并发症相关的全球流行病.
- 周围神经病 (PN),视网膜病 (DR) 和周围动脉疾病 (PAD) 是糖尿病的常见并令人衰弱的并发症.
- 估计这些并发症的患病率和确定这些并发症的决定因素对于有针对性的干预和公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定外围神经病变,视网膜病变和外围动脉疾病在喀拉拉邦2型糖尿病患者中的患病率.
- 确定与这些糖尿病并发症的发展相关的关键人口和临床因素.
主要方法:
- 在喀拉拉邦进行了一项采用两阶段集群采样的横截面研究,招募了3083名2型糖尿病患者.
- 参与者从33个集群中被选中,第一个85-90个人出现在糖尿病查营中,糖尿病持续时间超过一年.
- 混合效应的后勤回归模型被用来分析各种因素与DR,PN和PAD的患病率之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 发现PN的患病率为48.5%,DR为28.9%,PAD为46.3%.
- PN的重要决定因素包括年龄>60岁,糖尿病持续时间>15年,不满意的HbA1c和失业. 与男性相比,女性的风险较低.
- 在城市人口中,PAD的患病率更高. 增加糖尿病持续时间和不满意的HbA1c是视网膜病变的独立风险因素.
结论:
- 在喀拉拉邦的2型糖尿病患者中,PN,DR和PAD的患病率很高.
- 糖尿病持续时间较长和HbA1c水平升高与视网膜病变密切相关,而年龄较大和糖尿病持续时间较长会增加神经病变的风险.
- 这些发现强调了将这些糖尿病并发症的定期查纳入公共卫生系统的必要性.
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