相关实验视频
Updated: Sep 19, 2025

11:52
Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
Published on: April 23, 2016
8.5K
一个内源的逆转录病毒元素选择一个上游的调节序列来实现体表达和移动性
Natalia Rubanova1,2, Darshika Singh3, Louis Barolle3
1Institut Curie, PSL Research Univers ity, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, Stem Cells and Tissue Homeostasis Group, Paris 75005, France.
Nucleic acids research
|June 16, 2025
概括
果虫肠道中的移动逆转移体很少见,并且不会受到老化的影响. 一个特定的LTR复原病毒元素,漫游者,利用其基因组环境和转录因子在肠道中变得活跃.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 逆转移子是移动的遗传元素,包括大部分的真核生物基因组.
- 虽然经常被沉默,但一些逆转移体被转录,并且可以在特定的组织中调动.
- 调节体细胞中逆转移素表达和运动的机制尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Drosophila肠道中的体质逆转换.
- 确定影响内源逆转录病毒元素在特定组织中的活性因素.
- 了解逆转移子如何在体系内实现表达和运动.
主要方法:
- 长时间阅读DNA测序以表征逆转换.
- 分析老化Drosophila肠道中的反元素流动性.
- 活性逆转移位点的识别和表征.
- 研究基因组环境和转录因子在逆转移子活性中的作用.
主要成果:
- 草虫肠道中的复原元素流动性仅限于少数活跃的子家族,并不会随着年龄的增长而显著变化.
- 一种内源性LTR复原病毒元素,rover,被确定在肠道组织中是活跃的.
- 活跃的漫游者副本的体表达取决于其上游基因组序列,其中包含转录因子结合点.
- 牛类型的转录因子escargot被证明可以驱动活跃的漫游者副本的转录活动.
结论:
- 局部特定的基因组特征对于活跃的逆转移子的体表达和调动至关重要.
- 逆转移子可以从它们的基因组环境中采用调节元素来进行组织特异性的表达.
- 转录因子在调节体系谱中的移动元素活动方面发挥着关键作用.
相关概念视频
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.9K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.9K
LTR Retrotransposons
18.0K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
18.0K
Retroviruses
12.7K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.7K
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
5.3K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
5.3K
Retrovirus Life Cycles
47.0K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
47.0K
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
5.4K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.4K

