移植后循环胺基移植对宿主疾病预防在不匹配的非相关捐赠者外周血液干细胞移植后
Monzr M Al Malki1, Stephanie Bo-Subait2, Brent Logan3,4
1City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA.
概括
移植后循环胺 (PTCy) 基的移植与宿主疾病 (GVHD) 预防改善了使用人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 不匹配的非相关捐赠者 (MMUDs) 的全源造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 的结果. 这种方法提高了整体存活率,并减少了GVHD在不同患者群体中的发病率.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 移植医学 移植医学
背景情况:
- 全基性造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 提供了治疗先进的血液性恶性瘤的方法.
- 人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 不匹配的捐赠者通常对来自代表性不足的种族和民族群体的患者是必要的.
- 从历史上看,与HLA不匹配的捐赠者的HSCT与较差的生存率有关.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于移植后循环胺 (PTCy) 基的移植与宿主疾病 (GVHD) 预防在接受从HLA不匹配的非相关捐赠者 (MMUDs) 接收外周血干细胞 (PBSCs) 的HSCT接受者中的疗效.
- 确定基于PTCy的GVHD预防是否可以减轻MMUD HSCT相关的风险,从而改善患者的生存率和减少GVHD.
主要方法:
- 一个非随机的,多中心的II期试验,涉及145名从MMUD中接受HSCT的成年患者.
- 患者接受了PBSC移植与GVHD预防方案,包括环胺,tacrolimus和mycophenolate mofetil.
- 评估了两个层:骨髓缩条件 (MAC) 和强度降低或非骨髓缩条件 (RIC/NMA).
主要成果:
- 一年整体存活率 (OS) 为MAC的83.8%和RIC/NMA层的78.6%.
- 6个月后III-IV级急性GVHD的发生率很低:MAC为8%,RIC/NMA为10%.
- 在1年内,中度/重度慢性GVHD为MAC的10.3%,RIC/NMA的8.6%,在HLA等位基匹配较少的患者中观察到类似的OS.
结论:
- 在MMUD HSCT与PBSC移植之后,基于PTCy的GVHD预防表明有利的一年OS.
- 这一策略有效地扩大了捐赠者的可用性,使所有患者无论他们的祖先如何都受益.
- ACCESS试验 (NCT04904588) 支持使用MMUD与基于PTCy的预防来改善HSCT可访问性和结果.
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