阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者上呼吸道解剖与肥胖之间的关系
Liyue Xu1,2, Brendan T Keenan3, Andrew S Wiemken4
1Peking University People's Hospital, Division of Sleep Medicine, Beijing, China.
Annals of the American Thoracic Society
|June 16, 2025
概括
肥胖在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 患者中显著改变上呼吸道解剖,影响呼吸道形状和软组织体积. 了解这些与肥胖有关的解剖变化是个性化OSA治疗的关键.
科学领域:
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 肥胖是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 的主要危险因素.
- 在OSA患者中,肥胖和上呼吸道解剖之间的复杂联系需要详细的研究.
- 之前的研究还没有全面探索面结构,软组织和呼吸道口径与OSA人群中的肥胖有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究体质指数 (BMI) 和上呼吸道解剖特征之间的关联,在被诊断为中度至重度OSA的成年患者中.
- 量化BMI的变化如何与特定的面尺寸,软组织体积和OSA患者的呼吸道通透度相关.
主要方法:
- 来自冰岛睡眠呼吸暂停队列的583名中度至重度OSA (呼吸暂停-呼吸暂停指数≥15次/小时) 的成年患者的横截面研究.
- 使用三维磁共振成像 (3D MRI) 来测量气道尺寸,软组织体积和面结构.
- 统计分析包括线性回归和ANCOVA,以评估连续和分类BMI与上呼吸道解剖学之间的关联,并根据年龄,性别和AHI进行调整.
主要成果:
- 较高的BMI显着与上呼吸道形状的改变有关,包括增加的前后层尺寸和关键区域的侧面尺寸减少.
- 肥胖与喉软组织的体积增加相关,例如舌头,软和周围的脂肪.
- 较低的BMI与较小的头骨面部测量和更多的逆转有关,而口内拥挤在BMI组中显示了可比的水平.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了肥胖与中度至重度OSA患者上呼吸道特定解剖特征之间的显著关联.
- 这些发现为瘦身和肥胖个体的OSA的解剖学基础提供了关键的见解.
- 了解这些由肥胖驱动的解剖学变异可以促进针对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的量身定制和个性化治疗策略的开发.
相关概念视频
Sleep Apnea
227
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
The condition is more prevalent among...
227
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
2.7K
The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
2.7K
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles
1.2K
A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
1.2K
Other Pulmonary Disorders
915
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
915
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
1.7K
Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
1.7K
Obesity
631
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
631


