深南地区成年人艾滋病毒检测趋势:2017-2023年行为风险因素监测系统
Precious Patrick Edet1,2, Azad R Bhuiyan3, Trisha Arnold4
1Department of Public Health, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA. pedet@olemiss.edu.
AIDS and behavior
|June 16, 2025
概括
深南地区的艾滋病毒检测率在2017年至2023年期间总体下降,在特定的人口统计和州观察到显著下降. 持续监测对于艾滋病毒预防和护理举措至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 检测对预防和治疗至关重要,建议所有生育年龄的成年人进行检测.
- 尽管有建议,但艾滋病毒检测率仍然低于最佳水平,特别是在美国深南地区.
研究的目的:
- 从2017年到2023年,在九个深南州,分析过去12个月内艾滋病毒终身检测和检测的趋势.
- 在此期间,确定艾滋病毒检测趋势的人口和地理差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 的数据,涵盖2017-2023.
- 采用描述性统计和Joinpoint线性回归来评估艾滋病毒检测的趋势.
- 分析了9个深南州的数据:阿拉巴马州,佛罗里达州,乔治亚州,路易斯安那州,密西西比州,北卡罗来纳州,南卡罗来纳州,田纳西州和德克萨斯州.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,终身艾滋病毒检测从2017年的43%增加到2019年的47%,然后下降到2022年的40%和2023年的41%.
- 在北卡罗来纳州和25至44岁的成年人中,非西班牙裔黑人,非西班牙裔多种族和同性恋者中,终身测试显著下降.
- 在过去的12个月内,艾滋病毒检测从2017年的48%下降到2022年的42%,在2023年略有上升至43%,在几个州和不同的人口群体显著下降.
结论:
- 观察到艾滋病毒检测趋势的下降,在很大程度上与COVID-19大流行相吻合,突出了加强艾滋病毒预防和护理策略的迫切需要.
- 针对性干预对于在测试率显著下降的人口和地区是必要的.
- 持续的疫情后监测对于理解和解决不断变化的艾滋病毒检测行为至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:26Sexually Transmitted Infections
425
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
425
01:08Prevalence and Incidence
841
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
841
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.5K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.5K
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
47.0K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
47.0K
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
709
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
709
01:26Principles of Disease Surveillance
190
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
190