口病病毒的发病:当前的理解和知识差距
Carolina Stenfeldt1,2,3, Michael Eschbaumer4, John Humphreys5
1Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY, USA. Carolina.Stenfeldt@usda.gov.
Veterinary research
|June 16, 2025
概括
足病 (FMD) 仍然是全球主要的牲畜威胁. 了解口疾病病毒 (FMDV) 病变,宿主相互作用和载体状态对于有效的控制和贸易监管至关重要.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 动物健康经济学 动物健康经济学
背景情况:
- 口病 (FMD) 严重影响全球畜牧业生产和国际贸易.
- 口疫病毒 (FMDV) 病变发生,包括宿主病原体相互作用和传播,对于理解其影响至关重要.
- 最近的进展已经改善了对FMDV感染地点和宿主特异性进展的理解,但仍然存在重大知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于口疾病毒病原学的知识,强调过去十年的进展.
- 识别阻碍口病控制和根除工作的关键知识差距.
- 综合了FMDV病变发生的差距分析研讨会的发现.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于FMDV病原体和宿主-病原体相互作用.
- 对病毒基因组学,宿主反应和疾病进展的最新研究进行分析.
- 来自专门的FMDV病原体研讨会的专家知识的综合.
主要成果:
- 关键的进展包括确定初级感染地点和宿主特异性FMDV的时间解剖进展.
- 现在已经认识到亚临床感染和持久性载体状态之间的区别,这影响了监测策略.
- 在了解FMDV携带者相关性,宿主基因组对病变发生的影响以及推动携带者状态分歧的因素方面,仍然存在重大差距.
结论:
- 尽管取得了进展,但对口疾病毒病原体的不完全理解,特别是携带者状态和宿主因素,阻碍了有效的口疾控制.
- 对宿主基因组学,转录基因组学以及无症状载体的生物学相关性进行进一步的研究是必不可少的.
- 解决这些知识差距对于改善全球口病监测,预测建模和根除战略至关重要.
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