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相关概念视频

Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

3.9K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
3.9K
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

216
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
216
False Memories01:18

False Memories

150
False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
One primary source of false memories is misattribution, where individuals incorrectly associate external information...
150
Schemas01:42

Schemas

12.0K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
12.0K
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

198
Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
198
Eyewitness Memory01:22

Eyewitness Memory

178
Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function...
178

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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

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通过情节性记忆更新社会知识预测错误.

Signy Sheldon1, Juliette Dupertuys1, Daria Lisus1

  • 1Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)
|June 17, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

社会模式指导行为预测. 情节性记忆,特别是对于意想不到的负面事件,显著更新这些社会模式,往往导致更积极的印象.

关键词:
社会印象的社会印象.情绪 情绪 情绪 情绪 情绪这是一种情节性记忆 (episodic memory).记忆更新 记忆更新社会计划 社会计划

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Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
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科学领域:

  • 社会心理学 社会心理学
  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

  • 社会模式对于预测他人的行为至关重要.
  • 预期和实际行为之间的差异可能会挑战现有的模式.

研究的目的:

  • 研究情节性记忆编码如何影响社会模式变化.
  • 确定模式一致和不一致信息对模式更新的影响.

主要方法:

  • 参与者形成了对目标的初始社会印象 (图表).
  • 他们编码了描述目标行为 (与方案一致或不一致) 的叙述.
  • 在编码之前和之后评估了目标行为的概率等级.

主要成果:

  • 模式更新受到内存编码强度的影响.
  • 不一致的叙述,特别是带有负面模式的叙述,对更新产生了最强烈的影响.
  • 参与者倾向于更新图表,以获得更积极的印象.

结论:

  • 情节性记忆在更新社会模式方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
  • 与负面模式相矛盾的信息会导致更显著的模式变化.
  • 这个过程有利于更新印象,使其更为积极.