伊比利亚半岛作为应用新兴非热技术和微生物生物技术的模范环境,用于可持续的葡萄酒加工
Antonio Morata1, Carlos Escott2, Juan Manuel Del Fresno1
1EnotecUPM, MALTA CONSOLIDER TEAM, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
|June 17, 2025
概括
在伊比利亚半岛,可持续的葡萄酒生产利用了新的非热技术和微生物解决方案. 这些创新减少了对环境的影响,同时提高了葡萄酒的质量和安全性.
科学领域:
- 葡萄酒学和葡萄种植
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
背景情况:
- 葡萄酒行业面临着采取可持续实践的压力.
- 伊比利亚半岛是一个重要的葡萄酒产区,有着重要的研发.
- 新技术提供解决方案,以减少酒的环境足迹.
研究的目的:
- 审查新兴的非热技术和微生物解决方案,以实现可持续的葡萄酒生产.
- 将伊比利亚半岛作为实施这些创新的典范.
- 评估这些技术对葡萄酒质量,安全和环境可持续性的影响.
主要方法:
- 对非热处理技术的审查:高水立压,超高压均质化,超声波,脉冲电场和UV-C.
- 讨论微生物生物技术,包括混合初始培养和非Saccharomyces酵母.
- 分析它们在葡萄和葡萄酒加工中的应用,以加强提取和微生物控制.
主要成果:
- 非热技术 (HHP,UHPH,US,PEF) 已被OIV批准用于葡萄酒处理,UV-C正在评估中.
- 这些技术有效地增强了可取化合物的提取,并控制了不必要的微生物.
- 微生物溶液,包括混合培养,减少对化学添加剂如二氧化硫 (SO2) 的依赖.
结论:
- 非热技术和先进的微生物解决方案的整合促进了酒中的环境可持续性.
- 这些方法增强了关键化合物的提取,改善了微生物控制,并减少了化学投入.
- 采用这些创新策略有助于更高质量和更安全的葡萄酒产品,将伊比利亚半岛定位为可持续酒学的领导者.
相关概念视频
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
302
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
302
01:23Microbial Fermentation
422
Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
422
01:23Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature
268
Heat is a widely used method to control microbial growth by targeting and denaturing cellular proteins, thereby killing or inactivating microbes. This method's effectiveness is quantified using parameters such as the thermal death point (TDP), thermal death time (TDT), and decimal reduction time (D value). TDP represents the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are eliminated within 10 minutes, whereas TDT is the time necessary to achieve sterilization at a...
268
01:27Factors Influencing Microbial Growth: Temperature
265
Microorganisms display remarkable adaptations, enabling them to thrive in diverse ecological niches across a wide range of temperatures. Temperature profoundly influences microbial growth by affecting enzymatic activity, membrane fluidity, and other cellular processes.Each microorganism operates within a specific temperature range defined by three cardinal points: minimum, optimum, and maximum. Below the minimum temperature, membranes lose fluidity, halting transport processes. Above the...
265
01:26Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Radiation and Filtration
238
Radiation and filtration are essential tools for microbial control, targeting microorganisms through distinct mechanisms. Radiation eliminates microbes by damaging their DNA, either killing them or inhibiting their growth. Based on wavelength, radiation is classified into two types: nonionizing and ionizing radiation.Non-ionizing radiation, such as UV radiation (200–400 nm), is absorbed by DNA, causing defects that effectively disinfect surfaces, air, and water, including safety cabinets.
238
01:28Biological Methods for Microbial Control
219
Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
219