再殖民期间的范围扩张:动物个性与此有什么关系?
Radoslava Jánošíková1, Filip Tulis1, Ivan Baláž1
1Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
概括
在不断扩大的种群中,先驱动物比既定种群更慢地探索新区域. 这种缓慢的探索策略可能有助于小型哺乳动物的范围扩大,尽管它们具有类似的冒险行为.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 动物的个性,或一致的行为差异,影响在新环境中的殖民成功.
- 与已建立的人口相比,在范围扩张边缘的个体面临着独特的压力.
- 探索和冒险行为被假设在不断扩大的人口中更为明显.
研究的目的:
- 在殖民化的不同阶段,在小型哺乳动物群体中调查风险承担和探索的行为变化.
- 为了比较这些行为在条纹野外小鼠 (Apodemus agrarius) 在范围扩张与已建立的人口.
- 用银行 (Myodes glareolus) 来控制已建立的种群.
主要方法:
- 采用了基于现场的标准化行为测试.
- 探索和大胆被量化在条纹野外小鼠和银行.
- 来自德国已建立的地区和斯洛伐克正在扩张的地区的种群被采样.
主要成果:
- 在不断扩大的群体中,条纹野外小鼠在一个新的开放场地里表现出明显较慢的探索速度.
- 风险承担水平在扩大和建立的条纹野外老鼠种群之间是可比的.
- 在对照群体中没有观察到显著的行为差异.
结论:
- 在范围扩张期间,较慢的勘探策略可能有利于小型哺乳动物种群.
- 行为特征,特别是探索,在不断扩大的人口的殖民动态中发挥着作用.
- 这些发现有助于理解在生态环境中行为和范围扩张之间的相互作用.
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