过去和现在的保护区的生态连接通过土地覆盖面和基于图表的指标
Antonio Vidal-Llamas1, Carolina Acuña-Alonso2, Xana Álvarez2
1Universidade de Vigo, Hydro-Forestry Geomodeling Research Group, School of Forestry Engineering, 36005, Pontevedra, Spain. antonio.vidal@uvigo.es.
Environmental management
|June 17, 2025
概括
西班牙莱雷斯河流域的生态连接性得到改善,硬木森林覆盖面增加,息地碎片化减少. 公民科学数据补充了卫星图像,用于评估物种移动和息地适合性的情况.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 地理空间分析的研究.
背景情况:
- 息地减少威胁着生物多样性,使生态连接对于物种迁移和减轻人类影响至关重要.
- 生态连接性促进了基因交换和新地区的殖民化,这对生态系统的弹性至关重要.
- 评估像加利西亚莱雷斯河流域这样的保护区的连通性对于保护工作至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估西班牙莱雷斯河流域的生态连接性,重点关注硬木林区和走廊.
- 分析2013年至2023年期间土地覆盖面和结构连接的变化.
- 将公民科学数据与地理空间分析相结合,以全面了解物种分布和息地连接.
主要方法:
- 利用Landsat 8-9图像和随机森林机器学习来创建2013年和2023年的土地覆盖地图.
- 计算的全球结构连接指数包括中间中心性 (BC),整体连接指数 (IIC),连接概率 (CP) 和等效连接 (EC).
- 分析了补丁级索引 (SPLIT,EM,EL,ED) 和集成的iNaturalist记录,以比较物种分布与息地模式.
主要成果:
- 硬木森林面积增加了2.16%,结构连接性得到改善,IIC增长了20%,CP增长了16.67-18.92%,EC增长了8.04-8.68%.
- 息地碎片化减少,这是SPLIT减少53.95%和EM和EL增加所表明的.
- 自然学家的记录显示了与息地和走廊分布的强烈相似之处,这些点比随机位置更接近息地.
结论:
- 卫星图像和机器学习是生成用于连接分析的土地覆盖数据的有效工具.
- 基于图形的方法和连接指数为传统生态模型提供了有效的替代方案.
- 将技术方法与公民科学数据相结合,为物种分布提供了宝贵的见解,并加强了保护战略.
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