乌克兰宫癌流行病学和疫苗接种覆盖率的趋势
Viktor V Semenov1, Lilia V Kriachkova1, Adriana E Boată2
1DNIPRO STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, DNIPRO, UKRAINE.
概括
乌克兰的宫癌发病率正在下降,疫苗接种覆盖率正在提高. 发现了发病率和疫苗接种率的区域差异,突出了针对性干预的领域.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,宫癌仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 了解发病率和疫苗接种的区域差异对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
- 乌克兰在治疗子宫癌方面面临着独特的挑战,因为它坚持流行病学和疫苗接种计划.
研究的目的:
- 分析乌克兰宫癌发病率的区域差异.
- 评估疫苗接种覆盖率的趋势,并确定疫苗接种率较低的地区.
- 为预防宫癌提供有针对性的公共卫生干预信息.
主要方法:
- 利用乌克兰国家癌症登记处的宫癌发病率数据 (2014-2019).
- 分析了乌克兰公共卫生中心 (2016-2024) 的疫苗接种覆盖率数据.
- 计算了年龄标准化发病率,并确定了区域趋势和偏差.
主要成果:
- 乌克兰的平均年龄标准化宫癌发病率为每10万人口中的14.9 (2014-2019).
- 几个地区 (齐托米尔,赫梅尔尼茨基,基罗沃格拉德) 的发病率比全国平均水平高出20%.
- 全国发生率呈现下降趋势,但一些地区 (基辅,密科拉伊夫,苏米,切尔尼希夫) 出现增加;疫苗接种覆盖率在全国范围内有所改善.
结论:
- 乌克兰在2014-2019年期间观察到宫癌发病率的下降趋势.
- 提高疫苗接种覆盖率表明,未来人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种活动的前景是积极的.
- 确定了宫癌发病率和疫苗接种覆盖率明显偏差的特定地区,需要量身定制的公共卫生行动.
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