描述近期发病精神病中的灰白物质关系及其与认知功能的关联
Yoshito Saito1, Christos Pantelis2, Vanessa Cropley3
1Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, Australia.
NeuroImage. Clinical
|June 17, 2025
概括
最近发病的精神病 (ROP) 显示出不同的灰质 (GM) 和白质 (WM) 模式,影响像处理速度这样的认知功能. 这些大脑变化可能代表精神病发展的标志.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 最近发作的精神病 (ROP) 具有广泛的灰质 (GM) 减少和白质 (WM) 异常的特征.
- 以前的研究主要使用单变量方法,限制了对精神病中复杂的GM-WM网络相互作用的理解.
- 据认为,ROP的认知障碍与网络功能障碍有关,这凸显了研究综合大脑变化的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究整个大脑灰质-白质 (GM-WM) 关系,使用多变量分析对ROP患者进行分析.
- 确定与ROP相关的特定GM-WM模式及其与认知能力的相关性.
- 探索ROP中大脑变化的潜在神经生物学特征.
主要方法:
- 利用了71名ROP个体和71名匹配对照的T1和扩散加权成像数据.
- 采用多块部分最小平方相关 (MB-PLS-C) 来分析GM厚度/表面积和WM分数异构 (FA).
- 研究了已识别的GM-WM模式与认知表现,特别是处理速度之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 一个'GM厚度'-'WM FA'模式,与前部/部GM和特定的WM通道相关,在ROP和对照之间存在差异,解释了12.38%的差异.
- 一个"转基因表面积"-"WM FA"模式,涉及更广泛的转基因区域和更多的WM区域,解释了18.92%的变异,并显示了群体差异.
- 在ROP组中",GM厚度""WM FA"模式与处理速度有显著的相关性.
结论:
- 多变量分析揭示了ROP中独特的全脑GM-WM关系,这表明大脑变化的潜在签名.
- 确定的GM-WM模式,特别是涉及GM厚度的模式,与认知缺陷有关,例如ROP中的处理速度降低.
- 这些发现促进了对精神病中的大脑行为关系以及认知障碍的神经生物学基础的理解.
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