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从树上下降:白纪有翅膀的冰爬行动物阐明了Grylloblattidae的生态转变和起源
Ancheng Peng1,2,3, Michael S Engel2,4,5, Mathieu Boderau2
1State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|June 17, 2025
概括
一种新发现的化石昆虫,Zygogrylloblatta longipalpa,揭示了古代的冰爬虫 (Grylloblattidae) 是有翅膀的树木动物. 这一发现弥合了灭绝的和现代的冰爬行者血统之间的进化差距.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 现存的冰爬虫 (Grylloblattidae) 是无翅膀的,寒冷环境中的昆虫,有双极分布,与灌木爬虫 (Mantophasmatodea) 有关.
- 许多有翅膀的化石昆虫被分配给Grylloblattodea,但由于缺乏定义的synapomorphies,它们与现代的冰爬虫的关系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 描述一个新的有翅膀的化石昆虫,Zygogrylloblatta longipalpa,来自缅甸.
- 为了澄清化石和现存Grylloblattidae之间的进化关系.
- 重建早期冰上爬行者的古生态和生活方式.
主要方法:
- 对化石Zygogrylloblatta longipalpa的形态分析,专注于翅膀和男性生殖器官.
- 与现存的Grylloblattidae和化石"茎-Grylloblattodea"进行比较分析.
- 基于形态适应的古生态学重建.
主要成果:
- 齐戈格里洛布拉塔龙皮帕 (Zygogrylloblatta longipalpa) 具有典型的中生代"茎-格里洛布拉托代"前翼和男性生殖器官中现存的格里洛布拉托代的关键协同形态.
- 化石展示了适应树木生活方式的适应,包括发达的翅膀,,和脚,与现存的地面息冰爬动物形成鲜明对比.
- 这一发现提供了第一个与皇冠群Grylloblattidae精确联系的化石.
结论:
- 在白纪中期之前,虫类从有翅膀的树木祖先中分离出来.
- 发现Zygogrylloblatta longipalpa突出显著,以前未知的生态和形态多样性在早期的冰爬行者.
- 像Zygogrylloblatta这样的过渡化石对于理解神秘昆虫系的进化历史至关重要.
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