在瑞典全国性队列研究中,1型糖尿病的稳定遗传性
Yuxia Wei1, Tomas Andersson2, Shengxin Liu3
1Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. yuxia.wei@ki.se.
Nature communications
|June 17, 2025
概括
儿童发病的1型糖尿病的遗传性仍然很高和稳定,尽管全球发病率不断上升. 环境因素,如母亲吸烟和儿童肥胖症,不能解释这种增加.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和环境流行病学
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球1型糖尿病 (T1D) 的发病率正在上升,环境因素被怀疑是主要的驱动因素.
- 了解遗传倾向和环境触发因素之间的相互作用对于T1D预防策略至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明T1D有一个重要的遗传成分,但随着时间的推移,它的稳定性需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 在瑞典调查儿童发病的1型糖尿病在30年内遗传的可能性.
- 评估特定环境因素对T1D发病率增加的贡献.
- 为了确定T1D的遗传性是否随着发病率的上升而变化.
主要方法:
- 利用瑞典全国性的登记册,将1982年至2010年间出生的2,928,704名儿童的数据联系起来.
- 运用统计模型估计在不同时间点 (1982年,2000年,2010年) 发病的儿童T1D的遗传性.
- 量化了环境因素对T1D发病率的影响,包括孕期母亲吸烟和儿童肥胖症.
主要成果:
- 儿童发病的1型糖尿病的遗传率估计为0.83 (95% CI:0.79,0.86) 并在整个观察期保持稳定.
- 遗传概率的估计是一致的:0.80 (0.71,0.86) 在1982年,0.83 (0.79,0.86) 在2000年,和0.83 (0.79,0.86) 在2010年.
- 确定的环境因素,如母亲吸烟和儿童肥胖,解释了T1D发病率增加的不到10%.
结论:
- 在瑞典,儿童发病的1型糖尿病的遗传率在过去三十年中一直很高和稳定.
- 观察到的T1D发病率的增加主要不是由研究的环境因素驱动的.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以确定导致T1D病例增加的未知环境或其他因素.
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