获得性脑损伤的成年人的同理心:系统性审查和元分析
Emily Clements1, Kristin Naragon-Gainey2, Michael Weinborn2
1School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. emily.clements@research.uwa.edu.au.
Neuropsychology review
|June 17, 2025
概括
获得性脑损伤 (ABI) 的成年人表现出对认知和情感同情心的中度缺陷,以及对同情关注的小到中度障碍. 这些发现凸显了对同理心评估和针对性干预后脑损伤的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
背景情况:
- 共感,即识别,分享和理解他人的情绪状态的能力,对于社会功能至关重要.
- 获得性脑损伤 (ABI) 可以影响同情,但现有的研究提出了不一致的发现和小样本大小.
- 这项研究解决了这些局限性,提供了首次对患有ABI的成年人同情心的meta-analytic审查.
研究的目的:
- 量化ABI成年人的同情障碍,跨越认知,情感,同情关注和个人痛苦领域.
- 估计每个领域的同理心缺陷的患病率.
- 探索人口和伤害因素对同情心障碍的潜在缓解影响.
主要方法:
- 系统的文献搜索确定了29项研究,比较了ABI成人与健康对照者的自我报告的同情心.
- 进行了随机效应元分析,以综合跨研究的发现.
- 使用规范数据 (1 SD低于平均值) 估计了赤字的患病率.
主要成果:
- 在认知同理 (Hedges' g = -0.68) 和情感同理 (Hedges' g = -0.43) 中发现了显著的中度缺陷.
- 在同情关注方面观察到小到中等的赤字 (赫奇斯的g = -0.38).
- 在个人痛苦方面没有发现显著差异;估计的赤字患病率在各子组件中从15.3%到35.0%不等.
结论:
- 情感缺陷,特别是在认知和情感组成部分,在ABI后很普遍,并影响社会和情感功能.
- 这些发现强调了对ABI幸存者的同情心进行例行临床评估的必要性.
- 应制定干预措施,以针对同情心的认知和情感方面,以改善结果.
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