右半球参与老年人的语言能力:表明补偿而不是下降
Daniel Solomons1,2, Maria Rodriguez-Fernandez1,2, Francisco Mery-Muñoz3
1Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Frontiers in aging
|June 18, 2025
概括
健康的衰老涉及到大脑的变化. 这项研究发现,右半球灰质量增加与老年人更好的语言技能相关,挑战了以前的观点.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 结构性大脑变化是衰老和痴呆症的关键标志物.
- 认知功能,如记忆和执行功能,随着年龄的增长而下降.
- 有限的研究探索了语言功能变化与老化中的大脑变化一起.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究健康的老年人语言表现和大脑结构 (灰质体积) 之间的关系.
- 检查语言技能,灰质体积 (GMV) 和语言区域的神经活动之间的相关性.
- 在分析语言,GMV和神经活动时调整人口因素.
主要方法:
- 评估了27名健康的老年人 (60-87岁) 使用Screeling (SCL) 测试,语音流利 (PF) 和语义语言流利 (SF) 任务.
- 在语言任务中进行功能性MRI (fMRI),并使用T1加权MRI测量语言区域的GMV.
- 在语言分数,GMV,教育,年龄,性别和fMRI横向化之间进行了相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 在右半球 (RH) 中发现了SCL得分和GMV在轨道下部额回形和上部回形之间的显著正相关性.
- 高等教育与SCL和Phonemic流利度得分正相关.
- 在左半球 (LH) 中没有观察到显著的相关性;年龄,性别和fMRI横向化与语言分数没有相关性.
结论:
- 在特定的RH语言区域增加的GMV与健康衰老中更好的语言表现有关.
- 这些发现强调了RH在支持老龄化过程中的语言技能方面发挥的重要作用.
- 挑战RH在语言中的作用的传统观点,强调其对老年人语言维护的贡献.
关键词:
老化的老化 衰老的老化灰色物质的体积,灰色物质的体积.语言横向化 (lateralization) 是一种语言横向化.磁共振成像技术的使用音声学 音声学 音声学的语义上的语义学语法 语法 语法 语法 语法语言流 语言流更多相关视频
10:15Utilizing Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Language Function in Stroke Patients with Chronic Non-fluent Aphasia
Published on: July 2, 2013
18.0K
06:48Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: June 25, 2019
9.3K
相关概念视频
Lateralization
525
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
525
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
1.0K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
1.0K
Language and Cognition
466
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
466
Cerebral Hemispheres
574
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
574
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
312
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
312
Neuroplasticity
808
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
808
