在低发病率的环境中,青少年和年轻成人患有结核病
A Duret1, A Cardoso-Pinto1, A Bhattacharyya1
1Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
IJTLD open
|June 18, 2025
概括
患有结核病 (TB) 的青少年和年轻人 (AYA) 通常在寻求医疗保健方面面临延迟. 在这个群体中,社会风险因素是常见的,但在本研究中没有显著影响结核病管理结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 青少年医学 青少年医学
背景情况:
- 青少年和年轻人 (AYA) 具有独特的身体和社会特征,影响结核病 (TB) 管理.
- 了解AYA中的结核病至关重要,特别是在低患病率,高收入环境中.
研究的目的:
- 在伦敦西北部诊断出结核病的AYA队伍的特征.
- 确定影响AYA结核病管理结果的人口和社会因素.
主要方法:
- 从2015年至2022年在结核病转诊中心对10-24岁的患者进行回顾性队列研究.
- 分析症状发作到医疗保健呈现的持续时间和延迟呈现 (>60天) 的风险因素.
主要成果:
- 研究了158名AYA患者 (平均年龄20岁);53.6%患有肺结核,39.9%肺外结核,5.7%传播;25.3%患有洞腔疾病.
- 介绍的中位延迟时间为45天;38.7%在两个月后呈现.
- 社会风险因素 (监禁,药物滥用,心理健康问题) 在32.3%的患者中存在,并且与延迟时间更长有关,尽管在统计学上没有显著意义. 具有社会风险因素的患者更有可能接受观察治疗.
结论:
- 在这种环境下,结核病患者的AYA在医疗保健呈现方面经历了显著的延迟.
- 有关结核病的AYA中很大一部分患有洞腔疾病.
- 虽然社会风险因素普遍存在,但它们与这一队列的不良结核病管理结果没有显著关联.
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