对暴露源归因研究的审查
Christopher Kinally1, Richard Fuller1, Bjorn Larsen2
1Pure Earth, NY, New York, USA.
工业污染,职业污染和劣质油漆中的暴露会显著提高血液中的含量 (BLLs). 了解这些来源对于公共卫生干预措施来减少全球中毒至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 中毒仍然是一个重要的全球健康问题,每年导致数百万的过早死亡和认知缺陷,尽管逐步淘汰含汽油.
- 各种暴露源对血液含量 (BLLs) 的具体贡献没有得到很好的描述,这阻碍了有针对性的预防工作.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合研究中的发现,这些研究将血液中的含量归因于特定的暴露来源.
- 量化不同暴露源对血水平 (BLLs) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用Scopus数据库进行了系统的文献审查.
- 包括自2000年以来发表的39项研究,样本大小超过100个,来自26个国家,重点是将BLL归因于特定的暴露来源.
- 分析了报告绝对BLL影响 (μg/L) 或BLL升高的几率比率的研究.
主要成果:
- 居住在工业污染热点附近的人平均BLL影响最高 (42.3μg/L).
- 职业暴露 (31.4微克/升),油漆损坏 (28.0微克/升),传统药物/化品 (19.8微克/升) 和食品器皿 (19.3微克/升) 也是显著的贡献者.
- 其他来源包括吸烟 (17.3微克/升),食物 (15.4微克/升) 和地球食 (12.9微克/升).
结论:
- 工业污染,职业暴露和劣质油漆是导致血液含量升高的主要原因.
- 需要进一步的研究来调查工业污染,食品污染,在器具中的摄入途径,以及传统药物的影响,特别是在幼儿等弱势群体中.
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