相关实验视频
Updated: Sep 19, 2025

08:39
Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment
Published on: October 28, 2022
3.1K
四十年的极端温度重塑了区域小麦产量和中国的适应
Wanrui Han1, Shengnan Wang1, Lijuan Ma1
1College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Journal of environmental management
|June 18, 2025
概括
极端高温在中国各地显著降低了小麦产量,北方和春季小麦品种最容易受到影响. 即使降雨量增加也无法完全抵消这些由温度驱动的损失,这凸显了需要适应气候变化的作物和战略的需要.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 了解作物对极端气候事件的脆弱性,对于预测气候变化对农业的影响至关重要.
- 关于极端气候对中国不同地区小麦生产的具体影响的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 量化气候极端对中国不同地区和品种小麦产量的影响.
- 确定导致小麦产量损失的最关键气候因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自中国22个省份410个站的小麦产量数据和每日气象观测 (1980-2020年).
- 开发了特定区域的面板回归模型来分析极端生长度日 (EDD),结度日 (FDD),生长度日 (GDD) 和降雨对小麦产量的影响.
主要成果:
- 极端生长度日 (EDDs) 是小麦产量损失的主要驱动因素,导致不同地区的小麦产量减少0.52%至2.58%.
- 组合的极端温度 (EDD,FDD,GDD) 导致产量减少1.52%至3.28%.
- 降水增加带来了边际增长 (0.84%-1.65%),但不足以抵消温度引起的损失,有时在联合压力下加剧损失.
结论:
- 极端温度对中国的小麦产量构成重大威胁,敏感度在区域和品种上有显著差异.
- 仅靠适应性水资源管理无法减轻热应激导致的产量损失;培育适应气候的小麦品种至关重要.
- 迫切需要针对区域的农业战略,包括针对热量的育种和适应性水资源管理,以确保在不断升级的极端气候条件下确保粮食安全.
相关概念视频
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.9K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.9K
What is Climate?
19.1K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
19.1K
Factors Influencing Microbial Growth: Temperature
253
Microorganisms display remarkable adaptations, enabling them to thrive in diverse ecological niches across a wide range of temperatures. Temperature profoundly influences microbial growth by affecting enzymatic activity, membrane fluidity, and other cellular processes.Each microorganism operates within a specific temperature range defined by three cardinal points: minimum, optimum, and maximum. Below the minimum temperature, membranes lose fluidity, halting transport processes. Above the...
253
Responses to Drought and Flooding
11.0K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
11.0K
Global Climate Change
24.8K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.8K
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
26.4K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
26.4K

