乳清蛋白和乳酪蛋白的物理化学特征的压力依赖性变化:结构和功能关系关系
Pei Zhao1, Shan Zhang1, Lu Xue1
1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China.
International journal of biological macromolecules
|June 18, 2025
概括
超高压喷气 (UHPJ) 处理改变了脱脂牛奶蛋白质的结构和特性. 最佳的压力提高了蛋白质的消化能力和乳液的稳定性,而非常高的压力可能是有害的.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 乳制品加工 乳制品加工
背景情况:
- 超高压喷射 (UHPJ) 处理是一种新兴的非热技术,用于同时均化和灭菌.
- 了解UHPJ对牛奶蛋白结构和物理化学特性的影响对于乳制品应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同喷气压力对脱脂牛奶蛋白质结构和物理化学特征的影响.
- 确定最佳的UHPJ参数,以提高牛奶蛋白的功能和消化能力.
主要方法:
- 脱脂牛奶使用不同压力级别的超高压喷气处理 (UHPJ) 来处理.
- 使用光光谱学和SDS-PAGE电泳分析分析了蛋白质结构.
- 测量了包括硫醇含量,二次结构 (α-螺旋体),乳化稳定性和发泡指数在内的物理化学性质.
- 在胃和肠道阶段评估了体外消化速率.
主要成果:
- 增加的喷气压力与乳清和素光强度正相关.
- 最佳压力 (100-200 MPa) 增加了硫醇含量和α-螺旋体含量,增强了乳化和发泡特性.
- 蛋白质消化率在200 MPa时是最高的.
- 非常高的压力 (250-300MPa) 导致蛋白质解离并破坏了乳液系统的稳定.
结论:
- UHPJ加工显著改变了脱脂牛奶蛋白的结构和功能.
- 适度的UHPJ压力 (100-200MPa) 提高了蛋白质的消化能力和乳液/泡的稳定性.
- 过高的压力可以破坏蛋白质相互作用,并对乳液稳定性产生负面影响,这表明最佳结果的临界压力窗口.
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