对乙型肝炎表面抗原的抗体水平下降到10mIU/ml以下仍然具有保护性
Ping Shen1, Chengyu Xu2, Taishun Li3
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
NPJ vaccines
|June 18, 2025
概括
成功接种疫苗的儿童即使抗体水平较低,仍然对乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 具有免疫力. 低抗HBs标位 (<10mIU/ml) 不需要进行乙型肝炎复发疫苗接种.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染对全球健康构成重大挑战.
- 接种疫苗是预防HBV感染的主要策略.
- 关于乙型肝炎表面抗原 (anti-HBs) 抗体的保护值存在争议,特别是在10mIU/ml以下的水平.
研究的目的:
- 调查针对HBV接种疫苗的儿童的长期免疫状况,特别是那些抗HBs水平下降的儿童.
- 要确定抗HBs水平<10mIU/ml是否表明接种疫苗的儿童暴露于HBV的免疫力丧失.
- 评估对抗HBs位较低的儿童进行乙型肝炎复发疫苗接种的必要性.
主要方法:
- 对395名出生于HBV感染母亲的儿童进行了长度研究.
- 监测B型肝炎标志物,包括抗HBs和抗肝炎B型肝炎核心抗原 (anti-HBc) 的抗体,在5.4年间隔内进行.
- 对抗HBs水平的疫苗接种状况和与年龄相关的变化进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在395名接种疫苗的儿童中,包括62名未接种疫苗的儿童,基线抗HBs<10mIU/ml,没有一个感染HBV.
- 在随访时,42.1%的儿童的抗HBs<10mIU/ml,但仍然对HBV感染有保护.
- 在15.4%的未增强免疫的参与者中,建议进行自然增强免疫,同时增加抗HBs水平而没有抗HBc.
结论:
- 成功接种疫苗的儿童保持了对HBV的免疫力,尽管抗HBs水平下降到10mIU/ml以下.
- 抗HBs水平<10mIU/ml不应被认为是乙型肝炎强剂疫苗接种的指示.
- 这些发现支持当前的疫苗接种计划,并挑战在儿童中评估疫苗疗效时需要进行常规的抗HBs标位测试.
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