自闭症女性和性别多样性青年之间的伪装和身份发展:定性探索
Krista N Drapalik1, Daniel J Magin1, Melissa L Rinaldi1
1University at Albany-State University of New York, USA.
概括
自闭症青少年,特别是女性和性别多元的青年,使用伪装来应对社会挑战,但这往往会损害他们的身份发展和福祉. 了解这些策略对于支持自闭症青少年至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
背景情况:
- 青春期是身份形成的关键时期,但它给自闭症患者带来了独特的挑战.
- 自闭症青少年经常从事伪装行为,以管理社会困难,感知差异和社会耻辱.
- 现有的研究还没有充分探讨伪装,身份发展和自闭症女性和性别多元青年经历的交叉关系.
研究的目的:
- 质量地探索自闭症女性和性别多样性青少年对伪装和身份形成的第一人称观点.
- 了解伪装在这个人群中的动机,策略和后果.
- 研究社会经验如何影响自闭症青少年的伪装行为和自我理解.
主要方法:
- 一项定性研究,涉及半结构面试和聚焦小组,与十名自闭症青少年 (7名女性,3名性别多样) 和他们的照顾者进行了定性研究.
- 对采访和焦点小组数据进行主题分析,以确定三个领域的关键主题:伪装机制,后果和理解自闭症.
- 探索参与者关于社会适应和身份的实践经验.
主要成果:
- 自闭症青少年采用复杂的伪装策略,受社会观念和经验的影响.
- 这些伪装行为虽然在短期内具有适应性,但被发现对自我理解和整体幸福感有不利影响.
- 参与者报告说,由于伪装,他们的心理健康和积极的身份发展受到显著的负面影响.
结论:
- 伪装,虽然经常是自闭症青少年的应对机制,但对他们的心理健康和身份形成构成重大风险.
- 社会的耻辱和对神经多样性的负面看法加强了伪装,创造了危害的循环.
- 干预和支持系统的目的应该是减少伪装的需要,并促进自闭症青少年积极的身份发展.
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