对痴呆症患者的干预措施的系统审查:老年痴呆症ED指南2.0
Sangil Lee1, Michelle Suh2, Luna Ragsdale3,4
1Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
概括
急诊室需要更好的痴呆症护理. 专门的干预措施,如专科单位和非药物疗法,可以减少痴呆症患者 (PLWD) 的再访和住院.
科学领域:
- 老年急救医学的医学
- 痴呆症护理研究研究
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 患有痴呆症的人 (PLWD) 在急诊室 (ED) 面临更高的不良结果风险,包括妄想,延长停留时间和死亡率.
- 关于特定ED干预措施改善PLWD结果的有效性,存在一个知识差距.
- 本系统性审查解决了对这一弱势群体基于证据的ED护理策略的需求.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和确定基于证据的急诊室 (ED) 对痴呆症患者 (PLWD) 的干预措施.
- 评估这些干预措施对ED环境中的患者结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Ovid MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,Scopus,ProQuest) 进行了全面的系统审查,直到2024年9月.
- 符合条件的研究包括随机对照试验,观察性研究和质量改进计划,重点是针对PLWD的ED干预措施.
- 数据提取和质量评估由两名独立审查员进行,结果包括患者满意度,ED复诊,功能下降和死亡率.
主要成果:
- 在3305篇选的文章中,有6项研究符合纳入标准.
- 有效的干预措施包括非药物治疗,专门的老年ED单位和评估工具.
- 老年急诊室和社区护理人员的转换在减少30天的ED复诊和住院治疗方面表现出有效性.
结论:
- 对PLWD的ED进行标准化,基于证据的干预措施至关重要.
- 多学科护理模式和非药物疗法显示出改善结果的希望.
- 未来的研究应该专注于一致的结果措施和以人为中心的策略,以提高ED护理质量和PLWD的公平性.
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