结核病的流行病学变化和Mycobacterium Tuberculosis的基因型特征在中国宁夏
Guangtian Liu1, Jufen Lv2, Linlin Chen2
1The Fourth People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China.
Frontiers in microbiology
|June 19, 2025
概括
在中国宁夏,结核病发病率从2005年到2023年显著下降. 然而,南部山区的高发病率仍然存在,北京的Mycobacterium结核病基因型显示出强烈的传播.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 中国面临着严重的全球结核病 (TB) 负担,2021年报告的患者数量增加.
- 了解结核病流行病学模式和Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) 基因型对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在中国宁夏族自治区调查结核病的流行病学概况.
- 描述2005年至2023年在宁夏流行的MTB菌株的基因型.
- 为针对性结核病预防和控制措施提供科学基础.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国疾病控制和预防信息系统 (2005-2023) 的流行病学数据.
- 使用Joinpoint回归分析和使用ArcGIS的空间模式评估时间趋势.
- 在222个孤立的MTB菌株上进行了spoligotyping和McSpoligotyping.
主要成果:
- 宁夏的结核病发病率从2005年的48.22/100,000下降到2023年的30.47/100,000,整个年龄组的总体下降趋势.
- 在农村人口和南部山区观察到更高的发病率,显示出显著的空间聚类.
- 北京基因型占主导地位 (80.63%),表现出强烈的区域内传播特征.
结论:
- 尽管结核病发病率呈下降趋势,但在宁夏的特定地区和人口中,结核病发病率仍然令人担忧.
- 北京基因型的患病率表明持续的区域内传播的风险.
- 加强监测和分子研究是必要的,以便在流行地区有效控制结核病.
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