迈向医疗成像分类器的新一代,对常见的乱有稳定性
Joshua Chuah1,2, Pingkun Yan1,2, Ge Wang1,2
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
概括
用扰乱的医学成像数据训练人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 分类器可以提高它们对常见图像扭曲的稳定性,而不会牺牲清洁数据的性能.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 机器学习 (ML) 和人工智能 (AI) 分类器显示出从医学图像诊断疾病的前景.
- 然而,缺乏强度限制了它们的临床应用.
研究的目的:
- 为了提高AI/ML成像分类器的稳定性.
- 评估数据干扰对分类器性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 同时将常见的干扰 (噪音,对比度,模糊,旋转,倾斜) 应用于训练和测试图像.
- 与使用对抗噪声训练的分类器进行性能比较.
- 使用了肺炎MNIST和乳房超声波图像 (BUSI) 数据集.
主要成果:
- 用扰乱数据训练的分类器在未被扰乱的测试图像上表现相似.
- 与未被扰乱的分类器相比,在扰乱的测试数据 (单个和多个扰乱) 上显著提高性能.
- 对于各种扰动,实现了统计学上显著的改善 (p值<0.05).
结论:
- 用扰乱数据训练AI/ML分类器可以提高对图像扭曲的稳定性.
- 在未被扰乱的测试图像上没有观察到性能下降.
- 扰乱数据训练为医学成像AI提供了优势,但没有显著的缺点.
相关概念视频
Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI
461
Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
461
Classification of Illness
8.0K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
8.0K
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
7.3K
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
7.3K
Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging
64
DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
64
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT
71
Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
71
Classification of Systems-I
319
Linearity is a system property characterized by a direct input-output relationship, combining homogeneity and additivity.
Homogeneity dictates that if an input x(t) is multiplied by a constant c, the output y(t) is multiplied by the same constant. Mathematically, this is expressed as:
Homogeneity dictates that if an input x(t) is multiplied by a constant c, the output y(t) is multiplied by the same constant. Mathematically, this is expressed as:
319

