在中国各地区和各年龄段的红疹发病率的长期趋势,2004-2021年
Yongjian Su1,2, Zhengqin Su1, Zixiu Huang3
1School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
Frontiers in public health
|June 19, 2025
概括
在2004年至2021年期间,由于监测和疫苗接种的改善,中国的红疹发病率显著下降. 需要继续努力,以达到消除目标,特别是在特定的地区和年龄组.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 红疹是一种全球性健康风险,先天性红疹综合征 (CRS) 是一个主要问题.
- 中国和许多西太平洋国家一样,错过了2020年消除红疹的目标.
- 分析红疹发病率趋势对于完善国家消除战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析中国各地区和年龄组红疹发病率的时间趋势.
- 为中国国家消除红疹的战略提供信息和完善.
主要方法:
- 一个使用结点回归分析的描述性研究.
- 对2004年至2021年红疹发病率趋势的分析.
- 斯皮尔曼等级相关性用于评估含红疹疫苗 (RCV1) 覆盖率和发病率之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 从2008年到2021年,红疹发病率的显著下降趋势被观察到 (APC = -18.41%,p=0.002).
- 在五个地区和十三个年龄组中,特别是在儿童和青少年中,发现了发病率下降的趋势.
- 在增加RCV1覆盖率和减少红疹发病率之间发现了统计学上显著的负相关性 (r_s = -0.793,p=0.002).
结论:
- 加强监测和高疫苗接种率导致中国红疹发病率大幅下降.
- 建议包括在欠发达地区增加医疗保健投资,加强移民人口地区的监测,并为青少年和成人实施补充免疫活动.
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