自闭症和社会焦虑症中明显的同理心概况:一项比较研究
Sigal Tikochinsky1, Esther Ben-Itzchak1, Gil Zukerman2
1Department of Communication Disorders, Bruckner Autism Research Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
概括
患有自闭症谱状况 (ASC) 和社会焦虑症 (SA) 的人表现出明显的同理心差异. 一个新的个人痛苦与同理心关注比率可以帮助区分ASC和SA.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱状况 (ASC) 和社会焦虑 (SA) 与改变的社会认知有关.
- 共感,包括认知和情感组成部分,对于社会互动至关重要,在ASC和SA中可能会受到不同的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ASC,SA和神经类型对照的个体的认知和情感同理心.
- 为了确定ASC和SA的独特的同理心概况.
- 引入和验证一种基于同情度量的新型指标来区分ASC和SA.
主要方法:
- 105名大学生 (ASC,SA,对照组) 完成了自我报告测量 (SRS-2,LSAS,IRI) 和阅读眼睛中的思维任务 (RMET).
- 认知同情是通过IRI和RMET的透视和幻想子尺度来评估的.
- 情感同理心是通过IRI的同理心关注和个人痛苦子尺度来评估的.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,ASC组表现出较低的同情关注和视角.
- 无论是ASC和SA组都报告了比对照组更高的个人痛苦.
- 一个个人痛苦与同理心关注比率 (PD/EC) 有效地将ASC与SA区分开来,建议的切线为0.83.
结论:
- ASC和SA呈现出不同的同理心概况,其特点是特定的认知和情感同理心模式.
- 新的PD/EC比为在临床和研究环境中区分ASC和SA提供了一个有前途的工具.
- 了解这些同理心差异对于有针对性的干预和进一步研究这些条件下的社会认知至关重要.
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