自由重量和 Smith-Machine Squats:它们是否产生选择性的慢性适应力应用的有效性?
Daniel Marcos-Frutos1, Sergio Miras-Moreno1, Gonzalo Márquez2
1Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
概括
八周的自由重量 (FW) 或史密斯机器 (SM) 式训练并没有显著改变力量应用的有效性. 运动员可以在FW和SM位之间进行互换训练,因为这两种位都不会系统地影响力生产方向.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 自由重量 (FW) 可能比史密斯机 (SM) 需要更多的向后施加力.
- 由于这些差异,力方向的慢性适应的潜力仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查使用FW或SM的8周式训练计划对纵向地面反应力的影响.
- 为了在FW和SM地测试条件下比较这些力.
主要方法:
- 20名学生接受了为期8周的训练 (2次/周),在1RM的70%速度下进行背,速度下降20%.
- 训练组被分配到FW或SM位,根据性别和相对力量进行平衡.
- 在FW和SM位期间,地面反应部队在训练前和训练后被评估为~45%和~70%的1RM.
主要成果:
- 式对纵向冲动,其组成部分 (力,时间) 或由此产生的地面反应力角度的影响最小.
- 在SM坐中,在推进阶段在~70%的1-RM时,在纵向冲动中注意到了显著的差异.
- FW培训组显示这种特殊冲动在培训后减少,而SM培训组显示这种特殊冲动在培训后增加.
结论:
- 八周的式训练,无论是FW还是SM,都不会改变力量应用的有效性.
- 无论是FW和SM的式变化都可以互换使用,而不会系统地影响力生产方向.
- 运动员可以根据个人喜好,装备可用性或体育特定要求选择式运动.
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