2023年在英国的牛群中牛结核病感染状况
B M George1, D Duncan1, Esl Waller1
1Department of Epidemiological Sciences, APHA, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB.
The Veterinary record
|June 20, 2025
概括
在2023年,英国的牛结核病 (TB) 病例下降了13.6%,英格兰和苏格兰的病例大幅下降,但威尔士的病例略有增加. 整体群体发生率和流行率也下降,这表明结核病控制工作取得了进展.
科学领域:
- 兽医流行病学 兽医流行病学
- 动物健康监督是指动物的健康监督.
- 疾病控制和预防.
背景情况:
- 牛结核病 (TB) 仍然是英国 (GB) 的重大动物健康挑战.
- 监测群体发生率和流行率对于评估结核病控制策略至关重要.
- 最近的趋势表明,需要评估2023年控制措施的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析2023年英国牛结核病新发病的流行病学趋势和牛群流行率.
- 为了将2023年的数据与前几年的数据进行比较,特别是2022年,在英格兰,苏格兰和威尔士.
- 评估群体发病率 (HIR) 和其统计学意义.
主要方法:
- 对2023年英国注册牛群和牛结核病新发病情况的分析.
- 计算群体发病率 (每100个有风险的群体年新病例) 和流行率百分比.
- 使用发病率比率 (IRR) 将2023年的数据与2022年的数据进行统计比较.
主要成果:
- 英国在2023年,结核病新发病人数下降了13.6%,牛群减少了3.3%. 英格兰报告事件下降了16.9%,苏格兰下降了18.2%,而威尔士的事件增加了2.3%.
- 英国群体发病率下降至每100个风险年群 (HYR) 的6.5 (IRR=0.90,P<0.001),英格兰显著下降 (8.4至7.3,IRR=0.87,P<0.001).
- 威尔士的群体发病率略有增加,达到每100年6.8 (IRR=1.05,P=0.38),其地区的趋势各不相同. 苏格兰仍然是官方无结核病的国家,每100年结核病死亡率为0.6%. 结核病的流行率从3.9%降至3.6%.
结论:
- 英国的牛结核病控制工作在2023年显示出积极的结果,事件和患病率减少,特别是在英格兰和苏格兰.
- 持续警和定制策略是必要的,特别是在威尔士,那里的结核病发病率显示在某些地区增加.
- 苏格兰保持了官方无结核病的地位,突显了区域控制措施的有效性.
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