儿童注意力缺陷/多动性障碍亚型中的灰质体积和结构共变异异常:对临床相关性的影响
Qiao-Ru Chen1, Yi Wang2,3, Bin-Rang Yang4
1Children's Healthcare and Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
概括
与通常发育的同龄人相比,注意力缺陷和多动性障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童表现出明显的大脑结构差异,特别是在额头和基底腺区域. 这些大脑变异与ADHD症状和功能相关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷和多动性障碍 (ADHD) 是一种常见的神经发育障碍.
- 它的特点是注意力不集中,过度活跃和冲动.
- 了解ADHD中大脑结构变异对于诊断和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究ADHD儿童的大脑结构的差异,与典型的发展对照相比.
- 为了比较ADHD亚型 (主要是注意力不集中和综合呈现) 之间的结构差异.
- 探索大脑结构和临床症状之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 基于voxel的形态测量 (VBM) 和MRI扫描上的结构共变性分析.
- 在199名ADHD儿童和94名对照儿童的灰质体积 (GMV) 中进行比较.
- 包括ANCOVA和MANCOVA在内的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 在额叶皮层和基底质中观察到显著的GMV差异.
- 与对照组相比,ADHD组合 (ADHD-C) 儿童在特定的额头和带区域显示出更大的GMV.
- 患有ADHD的主要注意力不集中 (ADHD-I) 的儿童在右带带状回形中具有更大的GMV.
- 与ADHD-I儿童相比,ADHD-C儿童在左尾状核中具有更大的GMV.
- 确定了涉及条体和默认模式网络的改变连接模式.
结论:
- 特定的大脑区域,包括额叶皮层和基底,都与ADHD有关.
- 结构性大脑差异与ADHD亚型和临床症状有关.
- 这些发现可能有助于开发ADHD的诊断标志物和干预措施.
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