关于预防压力损伤的挑战性假设
1Senior Lecturer, School of Nursing and Advanced Practice, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool.
概括
压力伤害是复杂的和多因素的,挑战了只有护理干预才能保证预防的观念. 新出现的证据表明,系统性和患者特异性因素往往超出护理控制范围,需要改变理解和研究重点.
科学领域:
- 护理 护理 护理
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 压力伤害 (PI) 传统上被认为是通过护理可以预防的.
- 新出现的证据表明,系统性,生理性和患者特异性因素有助于PI的发展.
- 这些因素往往超出了护理干预的范围.
研究的目的:
- 挑战仅通过护理干预来预防PI的假设.
- 为了突出压力损伤发展的复杂,多因素性质.
- 倡导从基于指责的方法转向基于证据的理解.
主要方法:
- 对压力损伤病因学的新兴证据的审查.
- 对常见的护理干预措施 (重新定位,带,风险评估) 的科学基础的分析.
- 检查与压力损伤有关的皮肤衰竭概念.
主要成果:
- 许多护理干预措施对于PI预防的有效性并没有得到科学证据的强有力的支持.
- 患者的病理生理学和"皮肤衰竭"越来越被认为是PI的重要贡献者.
- 系统性和患者特异性因素往往超出了直接的护理控制范围.
结论:
- 需要从对护理干预措施的过度信心转向对PI预防的细微理解.
- 目前对护士在PI预防方面的高期望并未完全得到证据证明.
- 进一步的研究对于应对压力伤害预防的多因素挑战至关重要.
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