危机中的霍乱疫苗接种:苏丹的覆盖范围和成本效益 (2023-2024年)
Ahmad Izzoddeen1, Mohammed Elhussien2, Omayma Abdalla2
1Directorate General of Health Emergencies and Epidemic Control, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.
Vaccine
|June 20, 2025
概括
苏丹通过口服霍乱疫苗 (OCV) 运动实现了99%的行政覆盖率,在冲突地区展示了有效的霍乱控制. 这些重要努力凸显了OCV在具有挑战性的人道主义环境中部署的可行性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 霍乱在资源有限和受冲突影响的地区构成重大公共卫生威胁.
- 苏丹从2023年4月到2024年11月经历了反复爆发的霍乱疫情,患病率和死亡率很高.
- 基础设施不足需要快速部署口服霍乱疫苗 (OCV) 来控制疫情.
研究的目的:
- 评估苏丹OCV活动的行政覆盖范围,运营绩效和经济效率.
- 在OCV运动期间评估疫苗接种策略,冷链弹性,社会动员和每剂量成本.
- 了解在受冲突影响地区OCV的可行性.
主要方法:
- 从2023年11月到2024年11月的全国性OCV活动的横截面分析.
- 评估疫苗接种策略,包括户外和移动团队方法.
- 评估运营成本,疫苗浪费和疫苗部署的交付时间.
主要成果:
- 实现了99%的管理覆盖率 (管理了8,584,190剂量).
- 最少的疫苗浪费 (<0.0001%) 和每剂0.65美元的运营成本.
- 疫苗申请提交的交付时间缩短到三天,尽管到达时间延迟了2-4周.
结论:
- 在受冲突影响,资源有限的环境中,OCV活动是可行的,并且具有成本效益.
- 高覆盖率和高效的疫苗使用表明卫生系统在冲突中具有弹性.
- 苏丹的经验为未来在脆弱环境中通过伙伴关系和创新方法控制霍乱提供了洞察力.
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
45.4K
Overview
45.4K
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.5K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.5K
Primary Healthcare Services
1.5K
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
1.5K
Principles of Disease Surveillance
189
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
189
Cancer Vaccines
520
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
520
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.8K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.8K


