为减弱洪水而设计的湿地可以有效地从农业排水中去除吗?
Josefin E Nilsson1, Joachim Audet2, Per Magnus Ehde3
1Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Box 823, 301 18, Halmstad, Sweden; Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Box 256, 751 05, Uppsala, Sweden.
Journal of environmental management
|June 20, 2025
概括
创建湿地可以减少污染和减轻洪水. 然而,优先考虑洪水控制的设计可能会降低去除效率,特别是在间歇性洪水的情况下. 需要进一步的研究来平衡这些生态系统服务.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 由于农业 (N) 排放而导致的化和由于气候变化而增加的洪水风险是重大的生态和社会挑战.
- 创造的湿地提供了双重好处:营养物质的去除和洪水减弱,但它们在农业景观中的联合有效性尚未得到充分理解.
- 了解水流缓冲和湿地中除之间的相互作用对于可持续的土地管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究创建湿地中的水流缓冲如何影响去除和温室气体 (GHG) 排放.
- 为了比较不同的设计 (深度,大小) 和洪水制度 (间歇性与永久性) 的湿地的除和温室气体排放.
主要方法:
- 建立了各种设计和洪水制度 (间歇性和永久性) 的试验性湿地.
- 在不同的水文条件下测量了去除率和N2O和CH4度.
- 分析了与去除和温室气体排放有关的储水能力和流量缓冲效应.
主要成果:
- 间歇性被洪水淹没的湿地比永久被洪水淹没的湿地具有较低的N去除率,特别是在非流动时期.
- 深度,间歇性被洪水淹没的湿地显示,与深度,永久被洪水淹没的湿地 (38%) 相比,N去除显著减少 (25%).
- 在高水储量和低水储量湿地之间没有观察到N2O或CH4度的显著差异,这表明温室气体排放类似.
结论:
- 为减弱洪水而设计的湿地可能会损害去除的效率.
- 间歇性洪水,虽然有利于洪水控制,但可以降低湿地的有效性,因为营养物质沉没.
- 优化创建的湿地,以减弱洪水和去除营养物质,需要仔细考虑设计和水文管理,以避免权衡.
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