通过自动养系统养缩料的哺乳乳奶牛的生产和营养使用效率
L F Martins1, S F Cueva1, D E Wasson1
1Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.
Journal of dairy science
|June 20, 2025
概括
使用自动养系统 (AFS) 单独养乳牛,固定缩量 (SFF) 减少尿排泄. 然而,可变的缩量 (SFV) 对牛奶产量和甲强度产生了负面影响.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品营养 乳制品营养
- 动物的新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 优化哺乳乳奶牛的养策略对于提高生产率和最小化环境影响至关重要.
- 自动养系统 (AFS) 提供了精确营养递送的潜力,但它们对性能和排放的影响需要研究.
研究的目的:
- 通过AFS对部分混合配给 (PMR) 和缩预混合 (CMix) 单独养 (SF) 对奶牛性能,甲排放,营养消化能力和分泌的影响进行评估.
- 为了比较固定 (SFF) 与基于算法的变量 (SFV) CMix交付与总混合配给 (TMR).
主要方法:
- 在10周的数据收集期内,48只正在哺乳的霍尔斯坦牛被分配给三种饮食治疗:TMR (CON),SF与固定CMix (SFF),SF与可变CMix (SFV).
- 收集和分析了牛对营养摄入量,牛奶产量,甲排放,反发酵,营养消化能力和分泌的个人数据.
主要成果:
- 与CON相比,SFV增加了PMR摄入量并降低了牛奶产量;两种SF处理都降低了料效率.
- 甲 (CH4) 强度倾向于随着SFV增加,而牛肉丁酸盐则随着两种SF治疗而增加.
- SFF降低了尿路排泄,SFV增加了明显的干物质和有机物质消化能力.
结论:
- 与TMR相比,使用固定的度量 (SFF) 进行单独养,可以提高利用率,而不会影响哺乳性能.
- 可变缩养 (SFV) 对牛奶产量和甲强度产生了负面影响,可能是由于算法限制.
- AFS为有针对性的营养管理提供了潜力,但精心设计的算法对于SF策略至关重要.
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